The use of contraceptive pills, synthetic underwear and sweating can lead to vaginal fungal infections. The usual treatment includes Nystatin, miconazole or clotrimazole pessaries or vaginal cream. There is also a traditional remedy involving vinegar or lemon juice douches or yoghurt. Vaginal fungal infections can be prevented by maintaining good personal hygiene, wearing loose fitting clothes and using cotton underwear.

You could purify water by means of a water filter. There are two types of water filters available. Total filters are the ones that filter out all the parasites, bacteria and viruses and make water potable. Simple filters (which can even be a nylon mesh) take out dirt and larger particles so that chemical solutions work effectively. The simple filters don’t remove all harmful microorganisms so it is essential that the water be boiled or treated chemically. You could use chemicals like Chlorine tablets and Iodine to purify water.

For treatment of mild hypothermia, it is necessary that the person first be removed from the wind or rain. If the person is wearing wet clothing, remove it and replace it with dry, warm clothing. You could give the victim some hot liquids and some easily digestible and high energy food. Allow them to slowly warm themselves and do not rub them.

You could warm the frostbitten areas by immersing them in warm (not hot water) or covering them with blankets until the skin becomes flushed. The parts that are frostbitten should not be rubbed and should be further protected by bulky gauze dressings. Do not use the frostbitten limbs or break any blisters. Antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medicines are usually prescribed by doctors.

To make the leech fall off you can apply some salt. Do not try to pull them off as this will increase the chances of infection. In order to stop the bleeding, you could press the area with a clean piece of cloth or some cotton. Leeches can be kept away by using insect repellents.

Bee stings are usually painful rather than dangerous. People who are allergic to them may have severe breathing problems and may require urgent medical care. You could apply calamine lotion or a string relief spray or ice packs to give some relief from the pain and swelling.

Special powder or shampoo treatment can kill lice. Infected clothing should then be washed in very hot soap water and left to dry in the sun. Lice cause itching and discomfort and they can travel through direct contact with infected people or by sharing combs, clothing and the like.

If you have a cut wash it well with soap and water and then apply an antiseptic such as povidone iodine or antibiotic ointment and sterile gauge dressing. It is good to avoid bandages and band aids as these keep the wound wet.

Mild symptoms of Acute Mountain Sickness can be treated by resting at the same altitude for a day or two until acclimatization takes place. For headaches you could take an aspirin or a paracetamol. The most effective treatment is to descend; even descending by 500 meters can help. In severe cases any delay to descend can prove to be fatal. As the victim may need to be flown out make sure to have adequate health insurance. Medications for AMS include oxygen, acetazolamide (Diamox), nifedipine, dexamethasone, and the Gamow bag. Keep in mind that drugs should never be taken for further ascent or to prevent further descent.